Titantaramellite

titantaramellite

sanbornite

pabstite

bazirite

Images

Formula: Ba4(Ti,Fe3+,Mg)4(O,OH)2[B2Si8O27]Clx
Cyclosilicate (ring silicate), borosilicate, barium- and titanium- bearing mineral, forms a series with taramellite
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Specific gravity: 4.05 measured, 3.93 calculated
Hardness: 6
Colour: Dark brown to black
Common impurities: Mn,H2O
Environments

Contact metamorphic environments

Titantaramellite forms in the contact zones around granite, quartz monzonite and quartz diorite intrusives (HOM). It occurs as well-formed crystals, equidimensional to tabular. Associated minerals include walstromite, verplanckite, traskite, sanbornite, quartz, pabstite, muirite, macdonaldite, fresnoite, benitoite and bazirite (Mindat). Titantaramellite changes to fresnoite at 960oC (Webmin).

Localities

There are seven co-type localities:
Gun claim, Wilson Lake, Itsi Mountain, Watson Lake mining district, Yukon, Canada
The Madrelena mine, Tres Pozos, Baja California, Mexico
The Esquire No. 7 claim, Big Creek, Big Creek-Rush Creek Mining District, Fresno county, California, USA
The Esquire No. 1 claim, Rush Creek, Big Creek-Rush Creek Mining District, Fresno county, California, USA
The Trumbull Peak Ba-silicate deposit, Trumbull Peak, Clearing House, Clearing House Mining District, East Belt, Mariposa county, California, USA
The Pacific Cement and Aggregate Company (Kalkar quarry), Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz county, California, USA
The Baumann prospect, Dumtah, Tulare county, California, USA

The Gun claim, Wilson Lake, Itsi Mountain, Watson Lake mining district, Yukon, Canada, is a type locality. In the single specimen available, gillespite is a granular aggregate of anhedral crystals mostly about 1 to 2 mm in size. Small rough grains of titantaramellite are embedded in the gillespite (AM.69.358-373).

The Madrelena mine, Tres Pozos, Baja California, Mexico, is a type locality. The sanbornite-quartz rocks in some places are only a few metres from the contact of metamorphic and plutonic rocks. The country rocks immediately adjacent to the sanbornite bed are impure metasedimentary quartzites, schists and minor calc-silicates. La Madrelena mine is a small pit at the western contact of one of the pendants (downward projections of country rock into an igneous intrusion) where tonalite, quartzite, tremolite schist and the barium silicate rocks in which sanbornite is the principal constituent are exposed. Sanbornite is the principal mineral in all specimens, some crystals up to 2 cm in size. Gillespite in elongated aggregates surrounded by sanbornite is most conspicuous. In some places very small, but perfectly euhedral, tabular crystals of titantaramellite are embedded in the leached sanbornite (AM.69.358-373).

Big Creek, Big Creek-Rush Creek Mining District, Fresno county, California, USA, is a type locality. Along Big Creek there are numerous isolated occurrences of sanbornite rock. The host rocks are mostly quartzite with some calc-silicate rocks. In a small area near a pellyite locality these rocks are free of sanbornite and gillespite, and consist principally of granular celsian up to several mm in size enclosing titantaramellite. In some cases the titantaramellite encloses quartz even though there is very little quartz in the celsian matrix. Salite and actinolite tend to form bands in the celsian matrix or alongside the coarse titantaramellite. Bazirite, identified by its blue-white fluorescence under short wave UV, occurs in isolated crystals or small clusters 1 to 2 mm in size, and gillespite occurs as ragged crystals with conspicuous cleavage up to several inches in size in some quartz-rich rocks. Titantaramellite has been found throughout the area (AM.69.358-373). Other minerals associated with titantaramellite include macdonaldite, walstromite, fresnoite, verplanckite, muirite, traskite, benitoite and pabstite (HOM).

Rush Creek, Big Creek-Rush Creek Mining District, Fresno county, California, USA, is a type locality. The area lies within a body of metasediments completely surrounded by biotite quartz diorite. The largest bodies of sanbornite-quartz rock occur at or close to the contacts of the metamorphic and plutonic rocks or entirely within the latter. Some of the smaller bodies of quartz-sanbornite rock are lenses entirely within the metamorphic rocks which are mostly quartzite.
Taramellite in the barium-silicate rocks may be enclosed in quartz or embedded in sanbornite. Associated minerals include macdonaldite, walstromite, fresnoite, verplanckite, muirite, krauskopfite and traskite have been found here. In one specimen in which walstromite is present in abundance, there are many small crystals of a light green chlorite and ripidolite, and a small amount of pellyite was identified (AM.69.358-373). Other associated minerals are benitoite, pabstite and bazirite (HOM).

The Trumbull Peak Ba-silicate deposit, Trumbull Peak, Clearing House, Clearing House Mining District, East Belt, Mariposa county, California, USA, is a type locality. Sanbornite, gillespite, celsian, diopside, quartz, pyrrhotite, witherite, titantaramellite, pellyite and alforsite have been found here. The principal barium-silicates are sanbornite and gillespite. Titantaramellite was present in minor amounts in every specimen examined; it is found as small, mostly ragged, crystals; in places it forms small glomeroblasts which may include pyrite (AM.69.358-373).

The Victor claim, Picacho Peak, San Benito county, California, USA, is a type locality of titantaramellite located in large slabs of metamorphic rocks surrounded by serpentine. Barium-silicate minerals occur in veins in these rocks. The Benitoite Gem mine is the type locality for the rare barium-silicate benitoite. The small, hexagonal, platelets no more than a few millimeters in size found at the Victor mine are markedly different from the blue benitoite crystals of trigonal habit occurrimg at the Benitoite Gem mine. The small colourless plates are most easily recognized by their pale bluish white fluorescence in short-wave UV. At the Victor claim three other barium silicates, joaquinite, fresnoite and titantaramellite, have been identified among the vein minerals, together with albite, apatite, wollastonite and adularia. Titantaramellite is by far the rarest of all these minerals at the Victor claim, and it differs from titantaramellites from all the other type localities in that it occurs as free-standing crystals rather than being embedded in sanbornite or quartz (AM.69.358-373).

The Pacific Cement and Aggregate Company (Kalkar), Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz county, California, USA, is a type locality of titantaramellite. Here irregular beds of limestone were converted into aggregates of quartz, diopside, forsterite, phlogopite, titanite, tourmaline, chlorite, arsenopyrite and pyrite. The metamorphism of the limestone has been attributed to the effect of nearby quartz diorite. Barium-bearing minerals recognised at Kalkar are titantaramellite, celsian, pabstite and witherite. The tin-bearing minerals are stannite, franckeite, cassiterite and pabstite.
It has been estimated that the temperature of mineral formation ranged from above 600oC to below 400o. Titantaramellite and pabstite are limited in their occurrence to a small area of the deposit. Titantaramellite has not been found in place, but only in piles of rock on the quarry floor.
The titantaramellite appears in crystals up to 3 inches long, anhedral and mostly intergrown with tremolite so that they often appear fibrous as does the titantaramellite. Nearly pure diopside is more abundant than tremolite but is not intergrown with titantaramellite. Specimens containing titantaramellite invariably also contain pabstite, and meneghinite and arsenopyrite are common associates (AM.69.358-373). Other associated minerals include celsian, galena, cassiterite and quartz (HOM).

The Baumann prospect, Dumtah, Tulane county, California, USA, is a type locality of titantaramellite. It lies in a body of metasedimentary rocks, mainly mica schist and impure quartzite. The barium minerals occur in a zone in quartzite of a pale yellowish grey rock which consists of sanbornite and witherite with quartz. Baryte occurs as cream-coloured masses up to several inches thick. Titantaramellite and fresnoite have been found in samples from the deposit. Titantaramellite was found in each of the five specimens examined. Thin veins of quartz and krauskopfite were found in two specimens. Witherite is a major constituent of several of the specimens, but celsian, omnipresent in other barium silicate deposits and a major constituent in places, is inconspicuous or lacking here (AM.69.358-373).

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